Chapter 01: Introduction to Sectional Anatomy
Kelley: Sectional Anatomy for Imaging Professionals, 4th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	A vertical plane that passes through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior portions, is the _____ plane.
a.	Sagittal	
b.	Coronal	
c.	Axial	
d.	Oblique	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	Define the four anatomic planes.

	2.	The directional term contralateral refers to which of the following?
a.	On the same side	
b.	On the opposite side	
c.	Toward the midsagittal plane	
d.	Away from the midsagittal plane	

ANS:	B	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	3.	The directional term rostral refers to which of the following?
a.	The front or palm of the hand	
b.	The sole of the foot	
c.	Toward the feet	
d.	Toward the nose	

ANS:	D	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	4.	The term popliteal refers to the area of the:
a.	Upper portion of the leg	
b.	Back of the knee	
c.	Lower portion of the leg	
d.	Sole of the foot	

ANS:	B	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	5.	The term flank refers to the area of the:
a.	Upper chest or breast	
b.	Lower back between the ribs and hips	
c.	Side of the trunk adjoining the lumbar region	
d.	Abdomen	

ANS:	C	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	6.	The aortic arch is located:
a.	2.5 cm below the jugular notch	
b.	At T4-T5, sternal angle	
c.	4 cm above the transpyloric plane	
d.	2 cm above the transpyloric plane	

ANS:	A	OBJ:	Identify the location of commonly used internal landmarks.

	7.	The carotid bifurcation is located:
a.	4 cm above the pyloric plane	
b.	4 cm above bifurcation of the abdominal aorta	
c.	At the upper border of the thyroid cartilage	
d.	At the upper margin of the sacroiliac joint	

ANS:	C	OBJ:	Identify the location of commonly used internal landmarks.

	8.	The inferior mesenteric artery is located:
a.	2 cm above the transpyloric plane	
b.	4 cm above the transpyloric plane	
c.	2.5 cm below the jugular notch	
d.	4 cm above the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta	

ANS:	D	OBJ:	Identify the location of commonly used internal landmarks.

	9.	Most of the small intestine is located in which of the abdominal quadrants?
a.	Right upper quadrant (RUQ)	
b.	Right lower quadrant (RLQ)	
c.	Left upper quadrant (LUQ)	
d.	Left lower quadrant (LLQ)	

ANS:	D	OBJ:	List the structures located within the four abdominal quadrants.

	10.	Which of the body cavities is the largest?
a.	Dorsal	
b.	Ventral	
c.	Abdominal	
d.	Pelvic	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	Describe the dorsal and ventral cavities of the body.

	11.	The plane that passes diagonally between the axes of two other planes is the _____ plane.
a.	Sagittal	
b.	Coronal	
c.	Axial	
d.	Oblique	

ANS:	D	OBJ:	Define the four anatomic planes.

	12.	The directional term caudal refers to which of the following?
a.	On the same side	
b.	On the opposite side	
c.	Toward the feet	
d.	Toward the head	

ANS:	C	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	13.	The directional term proximal refers to which of the following?
a.	On the same side	
b.	On the opposite side	
c.	Away from a reference point	
d.	Toward a reference point	

ANS:	D	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	14.	The term axillary refers to the area of the:
a.	Armpit	
b.	Forearm	
c.	Front of elbow	
d.	Upper arm	

ANS:	A	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	15.	The term cubital refers to the area of the:
a.	Lower posterior portion of the leg	
b.	Posterior surface of elbow area of the arm	
c.	Lower back between the ribs and hips	
d.	Upper portion of the leg	

ANS:	B	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	16.	The term antebrachial refers to the area of the:
a.	Armpit	
b.	Ribs	
c.	Forearm	
d.	Upper arm	

ANS:	C	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	17.	The term inguinal refers to the area of the:
a.	Spine	
b.	Naval	
c.	Sternum	
d.	Groin	

ANS:	D	
OBJ:	Describe the relative position of specific structures within the body using directional and regional terminology.		

	18.	The carina is located at:
a.	L4 to L5.	
b.	T4 to T5, sternal angle.	
c.	L1 to L2.	
d.	T1 to T2, sternal angle.	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	Identify the location of commonly used internal landmarks.

	19.	The dorsal cavity can be further subdivided into which of the following cavities?
a.	Cranial and spinal	
b.	Thoracic and abdominopelvic	
c.	Two lateral pleural	
d.	Abdominal and pelvic	

ANS:	A	OBJ:	Describe the dorsal and ventral cavities of the body.

	20.	The stomach and tail of the pancreas are located in which of the following abdominal quadrants?
a.	Right upper	
b.	Left upper	
c.	Right lower	
d.	Left lower	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	List the structures found within the four abdominal quadrants.

	21.	Which of the following is a parameter that allows for the adjustment of the gray scale?
a.	CT number	
b.	Hounsfield unit	
c.	Window width	
d.	Window level	

ANS:	C	OBJ:	Describe the gray scale used in CT and MR imaging.

	22.	Images reconstructed from data obtained along any projection through the cube that result in a sagittal, coronal, transverse, or oblique image are termed:
a.	Multiplanar reformation	
b.	Shaded surface display	
c.	Maximum intensity projection	
d.	Volume rendering	

ANS:	A	OBJ:	Describe MPR, CPR, SSD, MIP, and VR.	

	23.	Which of the following techniques can be described as a ray from the camera’s view point that is directed to stop at a particular user-defined threshold value?
a.	Multiplanar reformation	
b.	Shaded surface display	
c.	Maximum intensity projection	
d.	Volume rendering	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	Describe MPR, CPR, SSD, MIP, and VR.	

	24.	Water is used as a reference tissue and is given the CT number of:
a.	–1000	
b.	–500	
c.	0	
d.	+1000	

ANS:	C	OBJ:	Describe the gray scale used in CT and MR imaging.

	25.	The transpyloric plane is found midway between the:
a.	Xiphosternal joint and the pubic symphysis	
b.	Xiphosternal joint and umbilicus	
c.	Tubercles of the iliac crests	
d.	Tubercles of the iliac crests and L3	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	List the nine regions of the abdomen.	

	26.	Which of the following is a midline point at the anterior nasal spine where the upper lip and nasal septum meet?
a.	Nasion	
b.	Gonion	
c.	Mastoid tip	
d.	Acanthion	

ANS:	D	OBJ:	Identify commonly used external landmarks.

	27.	The crest of the ilium is located at what vertebral level?
a.	L2	
b.	L3	
c.	L4	
d.	L5	

ANS:	D	OBJ:	Identify commonly used external landmarks.

	28.	The figure below illustrates which of the following imaging planes?

a.	Axial	
b.	Coronal	
c.	Sagittal	
d.	Oblique	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	Define the four anatomic planes.

	29.	The figure below illustrates which of the following imaging planes?

a.	Axial	
b.	Coronal	
c.	Sagittal	
d.	Oblique	

ANS:	A	OBJ:	Define the four anatomic planes.

	30.	The figure below illustrates which of the following imaging planes?

a.	Axial	
b.	Coronal	
c.	Sagittal	
d.	Oblique	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	Define the four anatomic planes.

	31.	The figure below illustrates which of the following imaging planes?

a.	Axial	
b.	Coronal	
c.	Sagittal	
d.	Oblique	

ANS:	C	OBJ:	Define the four anatomic planes.

	32.	The figure below is an example of which of the following?

a.	Multiplanar reformation	
b.	Shaded surface display	
c.	Maximum intensity projection	
d.	Volume rendering	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	Describe MPR, CPR, SSD, MIP, and VR.	

	33.	The figure below is an example of which of the following?

a.	Multiplanar reformation	
b.	Shaded surface display	
c.	Maximum intensity projection	
d.	Volume rendering	

ANS:	C	OBJ:	Describe MPR, CPR, SSD, MIP, and VR.	

	34.	All of the following image algorithms use the principle of ray-tracing, except:
a.	Shaded surface display (SSD)	
b.	Maximum intensity projection (MIP)	
c.	2D imaging	
d.	Volume rendering (VR)	

ANS:	C	OBJ:	Differentiate between 2D and 3D images.