Chapter 01: Introduction to the Body
Patton: Structure & Function of the Body, 16th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	The word derived from two word parts that mean “cutting apart” is:
a.	physiology.	
b.	homeostasis.	
c.	anatomy.	
d.	dissection.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	1	TOP:	Introduction

	2.	The study of how the body functions is called:
a.	physiology.	
b.	homeostasis.	
c.	anatomy.	
d.	dissection.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	1	TOP:	Introduction

	3.	The correct sequence of the level of organization is:
a.	cellular, chemical, tissue, organ.	
b.	chemical, cellular, tissue, organ.	
c.	chemical, cellular, organ, tissue.	
d.	chemical, tissue, cellular, organ.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 3
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	4.	The smallest living unit of structure is considered to be at the:
a.	chemical level.	
b.	cellular level.	
c.	organ level.	
d.	tissue level.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 3
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	5.	The reference position for all body directional terms is the:
a.	anatomical position.	
b.	prone position.	
c.	supine position.	
d.	sitting position.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 4
OBJ:	4	TOP:	Anatomical position	

	6.	The relationship between the knee and the ankle can be described as:
a.	the knee is inferior to the ankle.	
b.	the knee is distal to the ankle.	
c.	the knee is proximal to the ankle.	
d.	the knee is medial to the ankle.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	7.	The relationship between the heart and the lungs can be described as:
a.	the heart is distal to the lungs.	
b.	the heart is medial to the lungs.	
c.	the heart is lateral to the lungs.	
d.	the heart is proximal to the lungs.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	8.	The term most opposite proximal is:
a.	medial.	
b.	superior.	
c.	anterior.	
d.	distal.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	9.	Because humans walk in an upright position, the two terms that can be used interchangeably are:
a.	posterior and ventral.	
b.	posterior and inferior.	
c.	posterior and superficial.	
d.	posterior and dorsal.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	10.	The term most opposite medial is:
a.	dorsal.	
b.	lateral.	
c.	superficial.	
d.	proximal	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	11.	The relationship between the skin and the muscles can be described as:
a.	the skin is superficial to the muscle.	
b.	the muscle is superficial to the skin.	
c.	the muscle is deep to the skin.	
d.	the muscle is deep to the skin or the skin is superficial to the muscle.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	12.	A cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is called a:
a.	sagittal section.	
b.	frontal section.	
c.	transverse section.	
d.	oblique section.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 6
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Planes of the body	

	13.	A cut dividing the body into upper and lower portions is called a:
a.	sagittal section.	
b.	frontal section.	
c.	transverse section.	
d.	coronal section.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 6
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Planes of the body	

	14.	A cut dividing the body into right and left portions is called a:
a.	sagittal section.	
b.	frontal section.	
c.	transverse section.	
d.	coronal section.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 6
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Planes of the body	

	15.	The mediastinum is part of the:
a.	dorsal cavity.	
b.	ventral cavity.	
c.	abdominal cavity.	
d.	pelvic cavity.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	16.	The two major cavities of the body are the:
a.	dorsal and ventral.	
b.	thoracic and abdominal.	
c.	pleural and mediastinum.	
d.	thoracic and ventral.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	17.	The diaphragm divides the:
a.	dorsal from the ventral cavity.	
b.	abdominal from the pelvic cavity.	
c.	thoracic from the abdominal cavity.	
d.	pleural from the mediastinum.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	18.	The upper abdominopelvic regions include the:
a.	right and left hypochondriac and umbilical.	
b.	right and left lumbar and umbilical.	
c.	right and left iliac and epigastric.	
d.	right and left hypochondriac and epigastric.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	19.	The middle abdominopelvic regions include the:
a.	right and left lumbar and umbilical.	
b.	right and left lumbar and epigastric.	
c.	right and left iliac and hypogastric.	
d.	right and left iliac and umbilical.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	20.	The lower abdominopelvic regions include the:
a.	right and left iliac and umbilical.	
b.	right and left lumbar and epigastric.	
c.	right and left lumbar and hypogastric.	
d.	right and left iliac and hypogastric.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	21.	The brain is in the:
a.	ventral cavity.	
b.	cranial cavity.	
c.	mediastinum.	
d.	thoracic cavity.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	22.	The spinal cavity is part of the:
a.	dorsal cavity.	
b.	ventral cavity.	
c.	cranial cavity.	
d.	thoracic cavity.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	23.	The left upper quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity includes all of the:
a.	left lumbar region.	
b.	left iliac region.	
c.	left hypochondriac region.	
d.	left inguinal region.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 8	OBJ:	7
TOP:	Abdominopelvic subdivisions

	24.	Using the maintaining of a constant temperature in a building as an example of a feedback loop, the thermometer would be an example of a(n):
a.	sensor.	
b.	control center.	
c.	effector.	
d.	positive feedback loop.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	25.	Using the maintaining of a constant temperature in a building as an example of a feedback loop, the furnace would be an example of a(n):
a.	sensor.	
b.	control center.	
c.	effector.	
d.	positive feedback loop.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	26.	Using the maintaining of a constant temperature in a building as an example of a feedback loop, the thermostat would be an example of a(n):
a.	sensor.	
b.	control center.	
c.	effector.	
d.	positive feedback loop.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	27.	The abdominopelvic region that can be found in each of the four quadrants is the:
a.	umbilical.	
b.	hypogastric.	
c.	epigastric.	
d.	left iliac.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 8	OBJ:	7
TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	28.	The lower right abdominopelvic quadrant includes all of the:
a.	right hypochondriac region.	
b.	right lumbar region.	
c.	right iliac region.	
d.	right epigastric region.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 8	OBJ:	7
TOP:	Abdominopelvic subdivisions

	29.	An example of a positive feedback loop would be
a.	maintaining proper body temperature.	
b.	forming a blood clot.	
c.	uterine contractions during childbirth.	
d.	forming a blood clot and uterine contractions during childbirth.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 12	OBJ:	9
TOP:	The balance of body functions

	30.	An example of a negative feedback loop would be:
a.	maintaining proper body temperature.	
b.	forming a blood clot.	
c.	uterine contractions during childbirth.	
d.	lactation.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 12	OBJ:	9
TOP:	The balance of body functions

	31.	A midsagittal section through the head would divide:
a.	the forehead from the chin.	
b.	the nose from the back of the head.	
c.	the right eye from the left eye.	
d.	the chin from the nose.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 6	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Planes of the body	

	32.	A transverse section through the head would divide:
a.	the forehead from the chin.	
b.	the nose from the back of the head.	
c.	the right eye from the left eye.	
d.	the right eye from the nose.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 6	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Planes of the body	

	33.	A frontal section through the head would divide:
a.	the forehead from the chin.	
b.	the nose from the back of the head.	
c.	the right eye from the left eye.	
d.	the nose from the chin.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 6	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Planes of the body	

	34.	If this kind of section were made through the center of the head, both the right and left eyes would be on the same section.
a.	Coronal section	
b.	Midsagittal section	
c.	Transverse section	
d.	Coronal and transverse sections	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 6	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Planes of the body	

	35.	The relationship between an organ and organ system is similar to the relationship between a cell and:
a.	an organism.	
b.	the cellular level of organization.	
c.	a tissue.	
d.	an organ.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Creating	REF:	p. 3 | p. 4	OBJ:	3
TOP:	Levels of organization

	36.	The heart is an example of this level or organization.
a.	Tissue	
b.	Organ	
c.	Organ system	
d.	Organism	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 4
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	37.	Blood vessels are examples of this level or organization.
a.	Organ system	
b.	Tissue	
c.	Organ	
d.	Cellular	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 4
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	38.	On a directional rosette, a letter L would stand for:
a.	“left” if it is opposite the letter R	
b.	“lateral” if it is opposite the letter D	
c.	“lateral” if it is opposite the letter A	
d.	“lower” if it is opposite the letter U	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical compass rosette

	39.	Which of the following terms do not refer to a part of the head region?
a.	Olecranal	
b.	Zygomatic	
c.	Frontal	
d.	Buccal	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	40.	Which of the following is not controlled by a negative feedback loop?
a.	Body temperature	
b.	Blood oxygen concentration	
c.	Fluid levels of the body	
d.	Blood clot formation	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	41.	The organ level of organization contains all of these lower levels.
a.	The cellular and tissue levels only	
b.	The chemical and tissue levels only	
c.	The chemical, cellular, and tissue levels only	
d.	The chemical, cellular, tissue, and system levels	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 3 | p. 4	OBJ:	3
TOP:	Levels of organization

	42.	This structure physically separates the pelvic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
a.	Mediastinum	
b.	Diaphragm	
c.	Mesenteries	
d.	No physical partition separates them	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	43.	The lungs are located in the:
a.	thoracic cavity.	
b.	mediastinum.	
c.	dorsal cavity.	
d.	abdominal cavity.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	44.	A scientific experiment testing a new drug used two groups, one getting the drug and one getting the sugar pill. The group getting the sugar pill is the:
a.	test group.	
b.	hypothesis group.	
c.	control group.	
d.	observational group.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 1 | p. 2	OBJ:	2
TOP:	Scientific method	

	45.	A scientific experiment testing a new drug used two groups, one getting the drug and one getting a sugar pill. If the two groups had the same result, it would indicate:
a.	the drug was safe and effective.	
b.	the drug was ineffective because it did no better than the sugar pill.	
c.	the experiment was a failure and no information could be gained.	
d.	the experiment was not completed.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 1 | p. 2	OBJ:	2
TOP:	Scientific method	

	46.	A scientific experiment testing a new drug used two groups, one getting the drug and one getting a sugar pill. If the group getting the drug did much better than the group with the sugar pill:
a.	it would indicate that the drug was more effective than the sugar pill.	
b.	a theory would be formed.	
c.	the control group would be shown to have improved because of the drug.	
d.	it would indicate that the experiment was ineffective.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 1 | p. 2	OBJ:	2
TOP:	Scientific method	

	47.	In the metric system:
a.	a meter is longer than a yard.	
b.	a centimeter is longer than an inch.	
c.	a nanometer is longer than a micrometer.	
d.	a millimeter is longer than a centimeter.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 2
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Metric System		

	48.	If a person lost a little more than 3 pounds on a diet, they would have lost about:
a.	500 g	
b.	1000 g	
c.	1500 g	
d.	2000 g	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 2	OBJ:	2
TOP:	Metric System		

	49.	The word supine describes:
a.	the body lying face downward.	
b.	an anatomical direction.	
c.	the reference position of the body.	
d.	the body lying face upward.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	4	TOP:	Anatomical position	

	50.	Which process is used as the principal technique used to isolate and study the structural components or parts of the human body?
a.	Imaging	
b.	Dissection	
c.	X-rays	
d.	Resection	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	1	TOP:	Introduction

MATCHING

Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.
a.	Anterior	
b.	Lateral	
c.	Superior	
d.	Medial	
e.	Proximal	
f.	Superficial	
g.	Posterior	

	1.	Toward the head, upper or above

	2.	Toward the midline of the body

	3.	In humans, this term means the same as ventral

	4.	Nearest to the point of origin

	5.	Toward the back of the body

	6.	Nearest the surface of the body

	7.	Toward the side of the body

	1.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	2.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	3.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	4.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	5.	ANS:	G	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	6.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	7.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

Match the body region with the correct body part.
a.	Skull	
b.	Groin	
c.	Chest	
d.	Mouth	
e.	Brachial	
f.	Wrist	
g.	Cephalic	
h.	Antebrachial	
i.	Antecubital	
j.	Cervical	
k.	Axillary	
l.	Femoral	
m.	Lumbar	
n.	Popliteal	
o.	Tarsal	
p.	Plantar	

	8.	Arm

	9.	Head

	10.	Cranial

	11.	Oral

	12.	Inguinal

	13.	Thoracic

	14.	Carpal

	15.	Sole of the foot

	16.	Neck

	17.	Thigh

	18.	Armpit

	19.	Depressed area in the front of the elbow

	20.	Lower back between ribs and pelvis

	21.	Ankle

	22.	Forearm

	23.	Area behind the knee

	8.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	9.	ANS:	G	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	10.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	11.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	12.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	13.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	14.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	15.	ANS:	P	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	16.	ANS:	J	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	17.	ANS:	L	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	18.	ANS:	K	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	19.	ANS:	I	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	20.	ANS:	M	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	21.	ANS:	O	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	22.	ANS:	H	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	23.	ANS:	N	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

Match the term with the correct definition or explanation.
a.	Hypothesis	
b.	Scientific method	
c.	Theory	
d.	Experimentation	
e.	Control group	
f.	Test group	

	24.	A hypothesis that has been supported by repeated testing and has gained a high level of confidence

	25.	A systematic approach to discovery

	26.	A group that does not get what is being tested

	27.	A reasonable guess based on previous informal observations

	28.	A process used to test a hypothesis

	29.	A group that receives what is being tested

	24.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	25.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	26.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	27.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	28.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	29.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

TRUE/FALSE

	1.	The word dissection is derived from two word parts that mean “cutting apart.”

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	1	TOP:	Introduction

	2.	The cell is the smallest living structural unit of the body.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 3
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	3.	An organ is defined as a group of several types of cells working together to perform a specific function.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 4
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	4.	The reference position for the directional terms of the body is called the anatomical position.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 4
OBJ:	4	TOP:	Anatomical position	

	5.	The prone position is a position in which the body is lying face down.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 4
OBJ:	4	TOP:	Anatomical position	

	6.	The prone position is a position in which the body is lying face up.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	4	TOP:	Anatomical position	

	7.	The supine position is a position in which the body is lying face up.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	4	TOP:	Anatomical position	

	8.	Superior means toward the head.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	9.	Because humans walk upright, superior and superficial mean the same thing.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	10.	Anterior and proximal are opposite terms.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	11.	Medial and lateral are opposite terms.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	12.	Proximal and distal are opposite terms.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	13.	Because humans walk upright, inferior and deep mean the same thing.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	14.	Because humans walk upright, ventral and anterior mean the same thing.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	15.	Because humans walk upright, dorsal and posterior mean the same thing.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	16.	The hand is distal to the elbow.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	17.	The foot is proximal to the knee.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	18.	The nose is superior to the mouth.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	19.	The mouth is inferior to the chin.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	20.	The big toe is lateral to the little toe.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	21.	The ears are lateral to the nose.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	22.	The heart is medial to the lungs.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	23.	The skin is superficial to the ribs.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	24.	The lungs are deep to the ribs.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	25.	The bones of the arm are superficial to the muscles of the arm.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	26.	The nose is on the anterior side of the body.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	27.	The navel is on the dorsal side of the body.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	28.	The vertebrae are on the dorsal side of the body.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	5
TOP:	Anatomical directions	

	29.	A sagittal section divides the body into upper and lower parts.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 6
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Planes of the body	

	30.	A sagittal section divides the body into right and left parts.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 6
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Planes of the body	

	31.	A frontal section divides the body into front and back parts.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 6
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Planes of the body	

	32.	A transverse section divides the body into upper and lower parts.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 6
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Planes of the body	

	33.	The two major cavities of the body are the abdominal and thoracic cavities.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	34.	The two major cavities of the body are the dorsal and ventral cavities.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	35.	The diaphragm divides the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	36.	The mediastinum is in both the ventral and thoracic cavities.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	37.	The pleural cavity is in both the thoracic and dorsal cavities.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	38.	The brain and spinal cord are in the dorsal cavity.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	39.	The cranial cavity contains the brain and spinal cord.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	40.	The upper abdominopelvic area consists of the right and left hypogastric and the epigastric regions.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	41.	The lower abdominopelvic area contains the left iliac region.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	42.	The middle abdominopelvic area contains the umbilical region.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	43.	The epigastric, umbilical, and left lumbar regions are all in the middle abdominopelvic area.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 8
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic regions

	44.	Homeostasis refers to the relatively constant internal environment the body tries to maintain.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	45.	A negative feedback loop is one way the body tries to maintain homeostasis.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	46.	The sensor in a feedback loop compares the actual condition to the “normal” condition the body tries to maintain.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 11
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	47.	The effector in a negative feedback loop does something to move the regulated condition back to “normal.”

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 11 | p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	48.	The sensor in a negative feedback loop detects a change in the regulated condition.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 11 | p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	49.	In the negative feedback loop, the effector is the link between the sensor and the control center.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 11 | p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	50.	The formation of a blood clot is an example of a negative feedback loop.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	51.	The control of the volume of body fluid is an example of a negative feedback loop.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	52.	The regulation of blood pH is an example of a positive feedback loop.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	53.	The contraction of the uterus during childbirth is an example of a positive feedback loop.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 12
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	54.	The arms and legs are part of the axial body portion.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	55.	The head and trunk are part of the axial body portion.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	56.	The arms and legs are part of the appendicular body portion.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	57.	Feedback loops continue to improve throughout life, reaching their peak in late adulthood.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 13
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	58.	The word organism can be used to describe a living thing.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	59.	A body in a supine position has its dorsal side to the ground.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	4
TOP:	Anatomical position | Anatomical directions	

	60.	A body in a prone position has its dorsal side to the ground.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 5	OBJ:	4
TOP:	Anatomical position | Anatomical directions	

	61.	On the compass rosettes in a figure, the letter P opposite the letter D would stand for the word proximal.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical compass rosette

	62.	The thoracic cavity is divided into two parts, the mediastinum and the dorsal cavity.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	63.	The midsagittal and transverse sections, which divide the abdomen into quadrants, intersect at the base of the mediastinum.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Abdominopelvic quadrants

	64.	The diaphragm divides the axial from the appendicular region of the body.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	65.	The word leg refers only to the part of the body between the knee and the ankle.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	66.	Women can have one more body function regulated by a positive feedback loop than men can.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 12	OBJ:	9
TOP:	The balance of body functions

	67.	Changes and functions that occur after young adulthood are called developmental processes.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 13
OBJ:	9	TOP:	The balance of body functions

	68.	The cell is the simplest level of organization in a living thing.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 3
OBJ:	3	TOP:	Levels of organization

	69.	When reading a compass rosette in a figure, the letter L can mean either left or lateral.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical compass rosette

	70.	When reading a compass rosette in a figure, the letter P opposite the letter D stands for posterior.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 5
OBJ:	5	TOP:	Anatomical compass rosette

	71.	The dorsal cavity is a made up of a single cavity containing the brain and spinal cord.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Body cavities		

	72.	The abdominopelvic region is divided into four quadrants, the left and right lumbar regions on the upper part and the left and right iliac regions on the lower part.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 7
OBJ:	7	TOP:	Abdominopelvic quadrants

	73.	The cells in the body live in a water environment that contains dissolved salts and other substances.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 | p. 11
OBJ:	9	TOP:	Balance of body functions

	74.	The terms ophthalmic and orbital both refer to the eye area.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10 (Table 1-2)
OBJ:	6	TOP:	Descriptive terms for body regions

	75.	In the scientific method, a hypothesis is based on observation.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	76.	The single method used for all scientific investigation is called the scientific method.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	77.	An accepted hypothesis must be retested numerous times to become a theory.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	2	TOP:	Scientific method	

	78.	If the effects of a drug are being tested by a scientific experiment, two groups would be used: a group that gets the drug and a group that gets an inactive substance. The group that gets the inactive substance is called the control group.

ANS:	T	DIF:	Applying	REF:	p. 1 | p. 2	OBJ:	2
TOP:	Scientific method	

	79.	The term atrophy describes a body structure that is at the peak of its efficiency.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	80.	The term dystrophy describes a degenerative process on a body structure due to lack of use.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 10
OBJ:	8	TOP:	Body regions		

	81.	The study of the structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts is often defined as physiology.

ANS:	F	DIF:	Remembering			REF:	p. 1
OBJ:	1	TOP:	Introduction