Chapter 01: Organization of the Body
Patton: Anatomy and Physiology, 10th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	Which of the following describes anatomy?
a.	Using devices to investigate parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure	
b.	Investigating human structure via dissections and other methods	
c.	Studying the unusual manner in which an organism responds to painful stimuli	
d.	Examining the physiology of life	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 3
TOP:	Anatomy and Physiology

	2.	Systemic anatomy is a term that refers to:
a.	physiological investigation at a microscopic level.	
b.	anatomical investigation that begins in the head and neck and concludes at the feet.	
c.	anatomical investigation that uses an approach of studying the body by systems—groups of organs having a common function.	
d.	anatomical investigation at the molecular level.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 4
TOP:	Anatomy and Physiology

	3.	Physiology can be subdivided according to the _____ studied.
a.	type of organism	
b.	organizational level	
c.	systemic function	
d.	All of the above are correct.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 4
TOP:	Physiology

	4.	Physiology:
a.	recognizes the unchanging (as opposed to the dynamic) nature of things.	
b.	investigates the body’s structure.	
c.	is concerned with organisms and does not deal with different levels of organization such as cells and systems.	
d.	is the science that examines the function of living organisms and their parts.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 4
TOP:	Physiology

	5.	One of the basic principles of the standardized terminology is the avoidance of _____, or terms that are based on a person’s name.
a.	homonyms	
b.	antonyms	
c.	eponyms	
d.	synonyms	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5
TOP:	Language of Science and Medicine		

	6.	Metabolism refers to:
a.	the chemical basis of life.	
b.	the sum of all the physical and chemical reactions occurring in the body.	
c.	an organization of similar cells specialized to perform a certain function.	
d.	a subdivision of physiology.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 5	TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	7.	From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are:
a.	organism, chemical, tissue, cellular, organ, system, organelle.	
b.	chemical, microscopic, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.	
c.	organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, organelle, chemical.	
d.	chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 6
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	8.	The smallest living units of structure and function in the body are:
a.	molecules.	
b.	cells.	
c.	organelles.	
d.	atoms.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	9.	An organization of many similar cells that are specialized to perform a certain function is called a(n):
a.	tissue.	
b.	organism.	
c.	system.	
d.	organ.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Tissue Level

	10.	An organ is one organizational level lower than a(n):
a.	system.	
b.	cell.	
c.	organelle.	
d.	tissue.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Organ Level

	11.	The reproductive system includes all of the following except the:
a.	testes.	
b.	ovaries.	
c.	ureter.	
d.	penis.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8
TOP:	Body Systems		

	12.	The lungs are located in the:
a.	thoracic cavity.	
b.	mediastinum.	
c.	abdominal cavity.	
d.	cranial cavity.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 12
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	13.	The mediastinum contains all of the following except the:
a.	trachea.	
b.	venae cavae.	
c.	right lung.	
d.	esophagus.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 12
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	14.	The gallbladder lies in the:
a.	abdominal cavity.	
b.	pelvic cavity.	
c.	dorsal cavity.	
d.	mediastinum.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 13
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	15.	The number of abdominal regions is:
a.	three.	
b.	five.	
c.	seven.	
d.	nine.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 14
TOP:	Abdominopelvic Regions

	16.	The abdominal region in which the urinary bladder is found is the:
a.	hypogastric.	
b.	epigastric.	
c.	right lumbar.	
d.	left iliac.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 15
TOP:	Abdominopelvic Regions

	17.	A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region.
a.	right lumbar	
b.	right hypochondriac	
c.	hypogastric	
d.	umbilical	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 14
TOP:	Abdominopelvic Regions

	18.	The abdominal region in which the appendix is found is the:
a.	hypogastric.	
b.	right iliac.	
c.	right lumbar.	
d.	right hypochondriac.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 15
TOP:	Abdominopelvic Regions

	19.	Popliteal refers to the:
a.	calf.	
b.	ankle.	
c.	cheek.	
d.	area behind the knee.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16
TOP:	Latin-based Descriptive Terms for Body Regions

	20.	A plane through the body that divides the body into right and left sides is called:
a.	sagittal.	
b.	frontal.	
c.	coronal.	
d.	transverse.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16
TOP:	Body Planes and Sections

	21.	The abdominal quadrants are located with what structure as their midpoint?
a.	Umbilicus	
b.	Pubic bone	
c.	Xiphoid process	
d.	Iliac crest	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 13
TOP:	Abdominopelvic Quadrants

	22.	Humans have similar right and left sides of the body, at least superficially. This is an example of:
a.	anatomical position.	
b.	anterior symmetry.	
c.	ipsilateral position.	
d.	bilateral symmetry.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8
TOP:	Anatomical Position	

	23.	Two major cavities of the human body are:
a.	ventral/dorsal.	
b.	inferior/superior.	
c.	visceral/parietal.	
d.	axial/appendicular.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	24.	The dorsal cavity contains all of the following except the:
a.	brain.	
b.	spinal column.	
c.	spinal cord.	
d.	thyroid gland.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 12
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	25.	A plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is:
a.	sagittal.	
b.	median.	
c.	coronal.	
d.	transverse.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 10
TOP:	Body Planes and Sections

	26.	The plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the _____ plane.
a.	sagittal	
b.	frontal	
c.	transverse	
d.	superficial	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 11
TOP:	Body Planes and Sections

	27.	A somatotype characterized by having a muscular physique is called a(n):
a.	endomorph.	
b.	mesomorph.	
c.	ectomorph.	
d.	None of the above is correct.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 17, Connect It	
TOP:	Body Type and Disease

	28.	A somatotype characterized by a thin, fragile physique is a(n):
a.	ectomorph.	
b.	mesomorph.	
c.	endomorph.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 17, Connect It
TOP:	Body Type and Disease

	29.	The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the:
a.	kidneys.	
b.	gallbladder.	
c.	right lung.	
d.	urinary bladder.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 13
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	30.	Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of life?
a.	Digestion	
b.	Balance	
c.	Conductivity	
d.	Circulation	
e.	Reproduction	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	31.	An idea that is supported by repeated experiments and observation is called a:
a.	fact.	
b.	theory.	
c.	concept.	
d.	hypothesis.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 3
TOP:	Science and Society	

	32.	Molecules are:
a.	atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates.	
b.	electrons orbiting nuclei.	
c.	a complex of electrons arranged in concentric shells.	
d.	composed of cellular organelles.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 6
TOP:	Chemical Level: Basis for Life

	33.	Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are examples of:
a.	molecules.	
b.	cytoplasm.	
c.	organelles.	
d.	plasma membranes.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	34.	When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n):
a.	tissue.	
b.	organelle.	
c.	organ system complex.	
d.	organism.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Tissue Level

	35.	Several kinds of tissues working together are termed a(n):
a.	plasma membrane.	
b.	organ.	
c.	organism.	
d.	organ system.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Organ Level

	36.	Blood production is a function of which system?
a.	Reproductive	
b.	Respiratory	
c.	Skeletal	
d.	Lymphatic	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	System Level		

	37.	The dorsal cavity contains the:
a.	brain and spinal cord.	
b.	heart and lungs.	
c.	reproductive organs.	
d.	digestive organs.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 12
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	38.	The ventral cavity contains the:
a.	thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.	
b.	heart and lungs only.	
c.	digestive and reproductive organs.	
d.	brain and spinal cord.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 12
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	39.	The axial portion of the body consists of the:
a.	arms, neck, and legs.	
b.	neck, torso, and arms.	
c.	torso, arms, legs, and head.	
d.	head, neck, and torso.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 15
TOP:	Body Regions		

	40.	The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the:
a.	stomach.	
b.	pancreas.	
c.	heart.	
d.	reproductive organs.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 13
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	41.	Visceral peritoneum would cover which of the following organs?
a.	Heart	
b.	Intestines	
c.	Lungs	
d.	Spinal cord	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 13
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	42.	A sagittal section divides the body into _____ portions.
a.	upper and lower	
b.	right and left	
c.	front and back	
d.	proximal and distal	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 10
TOP:	Body Planes and Sections

	43.	A frontal section divides the body into _____ portions.
a.	upper and lower	
b.	right and left	
c.	front and back	
d.	cortex and medullary	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 10
TOP:	Body Planes and Sections

	44.	Axilla is a term referring to which body region?
a.	Anterior elbow	
b.	Armpit	
c.	Posterior knee	
d.	Groin	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 15
TOP:	Latin-based Descriptive Terms for Body Regions

	45.	The _____ tissue is not a major tissue of the body.
a.	cutaneous	
b.	epithelial	
c.	connective	
d.	nervous	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Tissue Level

	46.	“Apple-shaped” and “pear-shaped” usually describe subtypes of what major body type?
a.	Mesomorph	
b.	Ectomorph	
c.	Endomorph	
d.	Polymorph	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 17, Connect It
TOP:	Body Type and Disease

	47.	An organ is one organizational level higher than a(n):
a.	system.	
b.	cell.	
c.	organelle.	
d.	tissue.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Organ Level

	48.	Which of the following does not describe anatomical position?
a.	Head pointing forward	
b.	Body standing erect	
c.	Arms extended from the shoulders, palms up	
d.	All of the above describe the body in the anatomical position.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Anatomical Position	

	49.	Someone studying gross anatomy would not study which of the following?
a.	The location of the heart and chambers of the heart	
b.	Muscles of the arms and legs	
c.	The nucleus of the cell	
d.	All of the above would be studied.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 4
TOP:	Anatomy

	50.	The parietal pleura covers the:
a.	lungs.	
b.	heart.	
c.	walls of the thoracic cavity.	
d.	Both A and B are correct.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 13
TOP:	Body Cavities		

	51.	The hollow part of an organ or body structure is called the _____ of the organ.
a.	cortical part	
b.	lumen	
c.	medullary part	
d.	apical part	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	52.	The narrowest part of an organ or body structure is called the _____ of the organ.
a.	cortical part	
b.	lumen	
c.	medullary part	
d.	apical part	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 10
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	53.	Which of the following is not a directional term of the body?
a.	Apical	
b.	Proximal	
c.	Superficial	
d.	Deep	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	54.	What is the anatomical direction term that means nearer the surface?
a.	Deep	
b.	Distal	
c.	Proximal	
d.	Superficial	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 9	TOP:	Directional Terms

	55.	An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included?
a.	Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac	
b.	Right hypochondriac, right lumbar, and right iliac	
c.	Right iliac, hypogastric, and left iliac	
d.	Right lumbar, umbilical, and left lumbar	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 13	TOP:	Abdominopelvic Regions

	56.	As a nurse, you are assisting a physician with the examination of a patient. The physician asks you to tell the patient, who is lying on the examination table, to assume the anatomical position. How would you instruct the patient to assume this position?
a.	Have the patient stand up and place his arms at his sides, palms facing forward, with hands and feet facing forward.	
b.	Have the patient stand up and place his arms at his sides, palms facing posteriorly, with hands and feet facing forward.	
c.	Have the patient stand up and place his arms behind him, palms facing to the side, with feet facing forward.	
d.	Have the patient stand up and place his arms at his sides, palms facing down, with feet facing forward.	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 8	TOP:	Anatomical Position

	57.	During a routine physical examination, a patient with an endomorphic somatotype with a large waistline and overall “apple shape” should be advised that such a distribution of fat may lead to what conditions?
a.	Heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and colitis	
b.	Heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and diabetes	
c.	Heart disease, stroke, low blood pressure, and colitis	
d.	Prostate cancer, low blood pressure, and diabetes	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 17, Connect It	
TOP:	Body Type and Disease

	58.	If your reference point is “farthest from the trunk of the body” versus “nearest to the trunk of the body,” where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle?
a.	Distal	
b.	Proximal	
c.	Superficial	
d.	Superior	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 9	TOP:	Directional Terms

	59.	The study of microscopic anatomy might include:
a.	systemic anatomy.	
b.	cytology.	
c.	histology.	
d.	both B and C.	

ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 4
TOP:	Anatomy

	60.	The structure that is called the “powerhouse” of the cell is the:
a.	cytoplasm.	
b.	endoplasmic reticulum.	
c.	mitochondria.	
d.	Golgi apparatus.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	61.	How many main tissue types are found in the human body?
a.	4	
b.	8	
c.	11	
d.	6	

ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	62.	The mediastinum is located in the _____ cavity.
a.	dorsal	
b.	abdominal	
c.	ventral	
d.	Both B and C are correct.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 12	TOP:	Body Cavities

	63.	Another term for posterior is:
a.	ventral.	
b.	dorsal.	
c.	inferior.	
d.	proximal.	

ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	64.	The term most nearly opposite cortical would be:
a.	peripheral.	
b.	apical.	
c.	medullary.	
d.	basal.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	65.	Withdrawing from a painful stimulus is an example of:
a.	excretion.	
b.	growth.	
c.	responsiveness.	
d.	secretion.	

ANS:	C	DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 5	TOP:	Characteristics of Life

MATCHING

Match each organ to its corresponding system.
a.	Respiratory	
b.	Digestive	
c.	Urinary	
d.	Reproductive	
e.	Endocrine	
f.	Cardiovascular	
g.	Integumentary	
h.	Muscular	
i.	Skeletal	
j.	Nervous	

	1.	Tendons

	2.	Pituitary gland

	3.	Skin

	4.	Capillaries

	5.	Ligaments

	6.	Spinal cord

	7.	Bronchial tree

	8.	Testes and ovaries

	9.	Large and small intestines

	10.	Ureters

	1.	ANS:	H	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	2.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	3.	ANS:	G	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	4.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	5.	ANS:	I	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	6.	ANS:	J	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	7.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	8.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	9.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	10.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

Match each term to its associated region.
a.	Abdominal	
b.	Brachial	
c.	Cervical	
d.	Coxal	
e.	Cutaneous	
f.	Digital	
g.	Femoral	
h.	Lumbar	

	11.	Thigh

	12.	Arm

	13.	Anterior torso

	14.	Lower back between ribs and pelvis

	15.	Fingers and toes

	16.	Hip

	17.	Skin

	18.	Neck

	11.	ANS:	G	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

	12.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

	13.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

	14.	ANS:	H	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

	15.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

	16.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

	17.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

	18.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 16, Table 1-4
TOP:	Body Regions		

Match each term to its correct corresponding statement.
a.	Superior	
b.	Inferior	
c.	Anterior	
d.	Posterior	
e.	Medial	
f.	Lateral	
g.	Proximal	
h.	Distal	
i.	Superficial	

	19.	The great toe is _____ to the little toe.

	20.	The skin is _____ to the muscles beneath it.

	21.	The vertebrae are located on the _____ aspect of the body.

	22.	The hand is _____ to the shoulder.

	23.	The abdomen is _____ to the head.

	24.	The lungs are _____ to the intestines.

	25.	The nose is located on the _____ surface of the head.

	26.	The knee is _____ to the ankle.

	27.	The ear is on the _____ aspect of the head.

	19.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	20.	ANS:	I	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	21.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	22.	ANS:	H	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	23.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	24.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	25.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	26.	ANS:	G	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

	27.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Directional Terms	

Match each set of functions with its corresponding system or systems.
a.	Reproduction and development	
b.	Processing, regulation, and maintenance	
c.	Outer protection	
d.	Support and movement	
e.	Communication, control, and integration	
f.	Transportation and defense	

	28.	Nervous system

	29.	Muscular system and skeletal system

	30.	Circulatory system and lymphatic system

	31.	Respiratory system, digestive system, and endocrine system

	32.	Reproductive system

	33.	Integumentary system

	28.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	29.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	30.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	31.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	32.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

	33.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8, Table 1-2
TOP:	Body Systems		

Match each characteristic of life with the correct descriptive phrase.
a.	Conductivity	
b.	Excretion	
c.	Growth	
d.	Circulation	
e.	Respiration	
f.	Responsiveness	
g.	Digestion	
h.	Absorption	
i.	Secretion	
j.	Reproduction	

	34.	Movement of digested nutrients through the wall of the digestive tract into body fluids for transport to the cell

	35.	Permits an organism to sense, monitor, and respond to changes in the external environment

	36.	Production and release of specialized substances to support diverse body functions

	37.	Responsiveness and this characteristic are highly developed in nerve cells

	38.	Movement of body fluids and other substances from one part of the body to another

	39.	Removal of waste produced by many body functions

	40.	Comes about as a result of a normal increase in size or number of cells

	41.	Exchange of gases between the organism and the environment

	42.	Formation of new individuals

	43.	Process by which complex food substances are broken down into simple substances that can be absorbed by the cells

	34.	ANS:	H	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	35.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	36.	ANS:	I	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	37.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	38.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	39.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	40.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	41.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	42.	ANS:	J	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	43.	ANS:	G	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 5, Table 1-1
TOP:	Characteristics of Life

Match each term related to an organ to its definition or explanation.
a.	Medullary	
b.	Basal	
c.	Apical	
d.	Cortical	
e.	Lumen	

	44.	Base or widest part of the organ

	45.	Outer region or layer of an organ

	46.	Hollow part of an organ or tube of the body

	47.	Inner region of an organ

	48.	Narrow part or point of an organ

	44.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 10
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	45.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	46.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	47.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 9
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

	48.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 10
TOP:	Terms Related to Organs

Match each level of organization with its description.
a.	Chemical	
b.	Organelle	
c.	Cellular	
d.	Tissue	
e.	Organ	
f.	System	
g.	Organism	

	49.	Highest level of organization

	50.	Includes mitochondria

	51.	Composed of the smallest structure that possesses the basic characteristics of living matter

	52.	Level at which the tissues work together to perform a specific function

	53.	Composed of macromolecules

	54.	Cells working together to perform a specific function

	55.	Level at which a group of organs work together to perform specific complex functions

	49.	ANS:	G	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 8
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	50.	ANS:	B	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	51.	ANS:	C	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	52.	ANS:	E	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	53.	ANS:	A	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 6
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	54.	ANS:	D	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

	55.	ANS:	F	DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 7
TOP:	Levels of Organization

OTHER

	1.	In simple terms, what are the characteristics of life?

ANS:	
Answers will vary.

DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 5	TOP:	Characteristics of Life

	2.	Discuss the principle of complementarity of structure and function.

ANS:	
Answers will vary.

DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 16	TOP:	Interaction of Structure and Function

	3.	Explain one way in which culture has affected science. Explain one way in which science has affected culture.

ANS:	
Answers will vary.

DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 3	TOP:	Science and Society	

	4.	Describe the levels of organization from chemical to system.

ANS:	
Answers will vary.

DIF:	Memorization			REF:	p. 6	TOP:	Levels of Organization

	5.	Describe anatomical position. Give examples of structures that are ipsilateral and contralateral to each other.

ANS:	
Answers will vary.

DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 8	TOP:	Anatomical Position	

	6.	List the directional terms, and use them to describe the relationship between two structures in the body.

ANS:	
Answers will vary.

DIF:	Application	REF:	p. 9	TOP:	Anatomical Directions